Rabu, 02 Januari 2013

Punctuation

Punctuation

Tanda baca koma tak jarang membuat kita bingung saat menulis dalam bahasa Inggris. Kebingungan ini utamanya berupa di mana kita harus meletakkan koma secara benar. Nah, bila Anda dalam kondisi ini juga, berikut adalah  beberapa cara penggunaan koma dalam tulisan berbahasa Inggris. 

(kata benda, frase, atau klausa) yang dihubungkan oleh and atau or. 
Contohnya di bawah ini:
  • He bought books, pens, and bags yesterday.
  • She went to the mall, shopped for new clothes, and went to the movies.
Catatan: Koma terakhir (sebelum and) adalah optional alias bisa digunakan atau tidak.

Contohnya,
  • This summer, I want to learn to cook Indonesian food, such as gado-gado, bakso, and gudeg.
  • The intelligent, hardworking students got high grades.
dalam sebuah kalimat yang dihubungkan oleh and, but, or, nor, for, yet, atau so. Contohnya:
  • My dog likes to go outside, and my cat likes to sleep in front of the fireplace.
  • She went to the supermarket, but she forgot to buy milk.
  • They didn’t check a map before leaving, so they got lost almost right away.
  • She spent the whole day at the water park, yet she never got wet.
  • If I win the grand prize in the lottery, I’ll buy a new car and new house.
Contohnya:
  • George Washington, the first president of the United States, was elected in 1789.
Contohnya:
  • At the beginning of the winter driving season, bikers should check their radiator fluid.

Sebagai informasi, present participle adalah verb+ing, sementara past participle adalah verb+ed.
Contohnya:
  • Quickly running downstairs, Egy tripped and fell down.
  • Bored by the long speeches, Ahmad and Jajang dozed off.
Catatan, koma tidak digunakan setelah but atau although saat kata-kata tersebut ada di permulaan kalimat. Perhatikan kalimat-kalimat berikut:
  • But, he was not able to finish. (salah)
  • But he was not able to finish. (benar)
(kata keterangan yang ada di permulaan kalimat dan memodifikasi keseluruhan kalimat). Contohnya:
  • Exceptionally, employees may be granted time off if they make up the time.
Contohnya:
  • Yudi wants to go to Bali on vacation. Aura Kasih, however, wants to go to West Java.
(diucapkan langsung ke pendengar). 
Contohnya:
  • Angela, what did you do to your hair?
  • I think, Daniel, that your suggestion is a good one.
  • Let’s go, everybody!
Contohnya:
  • Today is April 10, 2012.
  • The United States declared independence from Britain on July 4, 1776.
ketika kota dan negara bagian (provinsi) tersebut ditulis bersamaan. 
Contohnya:
  • The Declaration of Independence was signed in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
  • Washington, DC, is the capital of the United States.

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